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Jul.28 (China Military News cited from Postmedia News and written By Aileen McCabe) — Opposition is gathering in China to Washington’s renewed “national interest” in the territorial disputes over more than 200 tiny islands in the South China Sea.

In an editorial Tuesday, the official China Daily accused the U.S. of trying to “rekindle the feud” over ownership of the islands and warned its neighbours in Southeast Asia that Washington’s policy is “directed against China and intended to stir up trouble in those countries that have territorial disputes with the nation.”

Secretary of State Hillary Clinton apparently took China by surprise when she told a forum of Southeast Asian nations in Hanoi last Friday that the U.S. considered it to be in its own interest to help settle the myriad of claims over the island territories.

Her statement was good news for many of the nations embroiled in disputes that are sometimes over little more than specks of rocky land. China’s rise as economic giant in the region and its increasing military might have countries like Vietnam, Taiwan, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines worried about their longtime claims.

Now China is, too, it seems.

“It is crystal clear that the United States is attempting to coerce Southeast Asian nations into blowing out of proportion the South China Sea issue. This is a dangerous move,” the China Daily wrote.

In its editorial, the Global Times was even more blunt.

“With growing economic power China and the U.S. may encounter more clashes in China’s adjacent sea. Few Southeast Asian countries would like to get in the middle of Sino-U.S. tensions, but like many other regions they are caught in a dilemma: economically close to China, yet militarily guarded against China.

“Southeast Asian countries need to understand any attempt to maximize gains by playing a balancing game between China and the U.S. is risky,” it said.

While often not much more than rocky outcrops, the islands and islets are rich fishing grounds and on important shipping lanes for much of the merchandise and energy that comes in and out of the region. As well, there are growing expectations about oil and gas deposits in the sea under and around them.

China seized the Paracel Islands from Vietnam in the mid-1970s and now calls them the Xisha Islands and includes them on maps as part of Hainan island province. This year it announced plans to begin developing them for tourism.

Vietnam has never given up its claim, however, and the Philippines also dispute ownership of several of them.

The long string of Spratly Islands are claimed in their entirety by Vietnam, China and Taiwan and partially by several of their neighbours. China and Vietnam fought a brief naval battle over them in 1988 which claimed the lives of 70 Vietnamese sailors, but nothing was resolved.

In a statement Sunday, the Chinese foreign minister Yang Jiechi warned the U.S. against “internationalizing” the neighbourhood dispute. “It will only make matters worse and the resolution more difficult,” he said.

This war of words is playing out just as the U.S. and South Korea wrap-up the first phase of their controversial naval exercise in the Sea of Japan (or East Sea). The massive war games which involve about 20 ships, 200 aircraft and 8,000 personnel are a show of strength in response to the sinking of a South Korean warship this spring, apparently by the North Koreans.

China, which has yet to accept the international report blaming its ally, North Korea, for the attack, opposed the exercises vigorously earlier this month, but toned down its criticism when it became apparent the manoeuvres would go ahead regardless.

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Jul.18 (China Defense Mashup News) — Chinese Inner Mongolia North Heavy Industries Group recently announced that the group has successfully provided the key element of “JF12 Shockwave Hypersonic wind tunnel”, which is the most advanced and creative project in
world Hypersonic research area.

“JF12 Shockwave Hypersonic wind tunnel” is being constructed for the initiation of China’s future spaceplane project. JF12 Windtunnel is mainly designed by the Institute of Mechanics, CAS (Chinese Academy of Science). CAS found a creative detonation driven method to design a shock tunnel which can provide a reproducible flight condition for hypersonic research.

China’s Φ2m Shockwave Wind Tunnel

“JF12 Shockwave Hypersonic wind tunnel” includes Main Applications like: Aerodynamic characteristics research for aircraft; Shockwave/boundary layer interference study; Investigations on shock wave oscillation and pressure fluctuation in separated flow fields; Jet/flow interference investigation; Scramjet engine investigation; Aero-optics investigation.

December 12 in 2007, a shocking photo appearing on Internet effectively proves that China is researching on next generation reusable space vehicle. A No.40672 H-6 bomber was ready to take-off and carrying a scaled TAV (Trans-Atmospheric Vehicle) model on its central line hard point.

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BEIJING, July 9 (Xinhua) — The Chinese defense ministry refuted Japanese media reports on its military expenditure on Friday, saying the reports were “groundless.”

“China’s military budget and spending is strictly monitored. There is no hidden expenditure,” a press officer with the defense ministry said.

The comments came in response to a question concerning some recent Japanese media reports which said China’s military spending would total 788 billion yuan this year, about 1.5 times higher than the budget unveiled earlier this year.

J-15, a carrier-based heavy fighter which is being developed by China

“As for China’ s military budget in 2010, it was officially released by China’s parliament spokesman Li Zhaoxing in March,” the officer said, adding there was no hidden spending by the country’s military.

“The Japanese media reports have no grounds,” the officer added.

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By admin

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YINCHUAN, July 3 (Xinhua) — China and Pakistan kicked off a joint anti-terrorism drill in Qingtongxia in northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region on Saturday.

The drill, code-named “Friendship-2010,” is the third of its kind between the two countries. More than 200 people, including soldier participants and military spectators, attended the opening ceremony of the drill.

The joint exercise is of profound and far-reaching importance in consolidating the friendship between the two countries and armies, upgrading their capabilities in fighting terrorism together and safeguarding regional peace and stability, said Wang Guosheng, commander of China’s Lanzhou Military Area Command, at the opening ceremony.

He said the drill would also help promoting military understanding and mutual trust, enhancing military exchanges and cooperation between the two sides.

Lieutenant General Khalid Shameem Wynne, Chief of the General Staff of the Pakistan Army, said Pakistan and China had all-weather friendship, which could transcend borders and have enjoyed popular support.

He said the drill showed the two countries’ determination to combat the “three forces” — referring to extremism, separatism and terrorism.

China and Pakistan held their first-ever joint anti-terrorism exercise, “Friendship-2004,” in Xinjiang’s Taxkorgan Tajik Autonomous County bordering Tajikistan, Afghanistan and Pakistan. About 200 border soldiers from both sides participated.

The second joint anti-terror military drill, “Friendship-2006,” was carried out in the hills of northern Pakistan’s Abbottabad. More than 400 soldiers from both armies took part.

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By admin

article[s] found via yahoo.com”s news search
BEIJING | China revealed during a recent defense industry show that its defense electronics are rapidly advancing to First World military standards. The communist regime’s defense electronics prowess was on display at the recent China Defense Electronics Exposition (CIDEX) in Beijing from May 12 to 14. “The type of components …
By washingtontimes.com

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Apr.14 (China Defense News cited from globaltimes.com) — The F-35 Lightning-II fighter, planned to be the new workhorse of the US armed forces, has run into a financial crisis. The price of a single aircraft has jumped from $50 million to $90 million, and possibly even up to $120 million. The US is revising its previous plans to purchase 2,400 of the fighters. What does this tell us about the process of military research and development? Global Times (GT) reporter Peng Kuang interviewed Chen Hu(Chen), editor-in-chief of World Military Affairs magazine, on balancing financial costs and defence needs.

GT: What is the F-35 Lightning-II? It’s a product of the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF) program, but what does this mean?

Chen: In 1996, it was a big surprise when the US Air Force introduced the concept of a joint strike fighter.

The aim of the JSF program was to try to combine three types of fighter aircraft: conventional aircraft for the Air Force, the catapulted ship-borne aircraft for the Navy, and vertical take-off-and-landing aircraft for the Navy Marine Corps.

At the same time, the JSF program planned to produce different models from the same assembly line, and to standardize most parts across all models. The JSF was intended to be a stealth fighter with the ability to cruise at supersonic speeds. It was intended to be reliable enough for different missions in land, sea and air conflict.

GT: What will the impact be after the sudden hike in the price tag from $50 million to as much as $120 million?

Chen: After the increase, it will be difficult to buy the aircraft in the quantities expected, so the US Air Force is likely to start evaluating alternative projects soon. The British armed forces are also likely to purchase fewer F-35s than they originally planned.

The crisis in the design of the F-35, the most advanced fourth-generation fighter in the world, throws a shadow on the future of aircraft development and deployment in the US and elsewhere. The chief lesson this teaches us is that making new equipment affordable has become a major problem in the research and development (R&D) process of any major new piece of military hardware. All R&D institutions should be concerned about this.

GT: What can we do to ensure the new equipment is affordable?

Chen: First, a prior feasibility study is necessary. This process should be a standard form of R&D for any large piece of military hardware. In other words, how the new equipment will be used and what criteria are suitable to evaluate them needs to be carefully considered to reach a balance of costs and effectiveness.

During the R&D process for the US fourth-generation fighters, this process was carried out intensely. But, the biggest problem for these new fighters is that the initial hypothetical battlefield environment into which they may be deployed has tremendously changed.

They were originally developed for the battlefield environment during the Cold War, where they would encounter strong opponents in air combat.

Due to such high-risk combat environment, the new generation of combat aircraft had to be excellent.

This has substantially increased the difficulty of R&D, led to soaring R&D costs, and finally threatened the progress of the whole project.

There have been many cases of military hardware failing because of problems in feasibility studies, such as the case of the F-104 second-generation fighter in the US.

At the time, there was a push for high speed and the ability to climb to high altitudes, but these were not needed in the real battlefield environment. Soon afterward, the F-104 was withdrawn from service and became a typical case of an advanced aircraft failing due to R&D problems.

Now the F-35 is suffering from the same problems, but this time the difficulty is not in technical performance, but in R&D costs.

Therefore, accurately understand the changing of battlefield environment and reflecting that in early studies of new equipment is a key issue for effective R&D.

GT: Why have the F-35s become so expensive? Are the technical barriers too high, or was there poor financial management? Or were the original requirements simply not reasonable?

Chen: The problems exist in all these aspects. The final reason is that one piece of hardware has been required to perform so many tasks, but the requirements from the air force, navy and marine corps are different.

Under this united criteria, four major indicators were set for the fourth-generation fighter aircraft.
It needed to be stealthy, fly at supersonic speeds, have advanced electronic systems and have a good capability to maneuver in the air.

The US military has often suffered financial losses because of the pursuit of versatility. Because manufacturers in the US are not owned by the state, they are used to producing complicated technology for more profits.

The best way for them to profit is through entirely new models of aircraft, not gradual reform, which drives them into aiming for large-scale integration and producing multi-functional hardware. Another plane, the F-111, initially designed as an “all-round fighter”, finally turned out to be useless
GT: Does the US have a tendency to pursue unrealistic security demands?

Chen: The term “security demands” is not accurate, since the US has no problem with security. Can any country attack the US? We can say they are working toward their military requirements, but not security demands, because US behavior has far exceeded the concepts of national defense and security.

The military strategy of the US is an offensive one, which requires their weapons to be equipped to a high standard. They attempt to overwhelm others in military actions.

The original idea of their fourth-generation fighters is to have an aircraft capable of beating any other contender. They put too heavy a burden on it, so the final product has become an oversized monstrosity capable of doing nothing.

GT: What does the US need to do now?

Chen: To ensure new equipment affordable, the emphasis needs to move to audits after the R&D process has started. Audits are also important throughout the process of pre-feasibility studies, R&D, and deployments.

Some large-scale military hardware projects, like the F-35, seem to be nothing more than fishing trips designed to test the waters for new equipment and make as much money as possible.

The original plan held up the F-35 as being less expensive, but that’s fallen through. Since the research company wanted to pursue the maximum profit, it is impossible for them to set the price of new generation aircraft at the same level as old ones.

The original price for the F-35 is $50 million. After the F-22 was withdrawn, the price of the F-35 was inevitably pushed higher and higher.

GT: What China can learn from this experience?

Chen: The experience of the F-35 is meaningful to China. Lots of countries are engaged in building fourth-generation fighters. Should we copy the US pattern, or work toward our own needs?
Russia has designed their own fourth-generation fighter, the T-50, which is not exactly the same as the F-35 or F-22. The US requires that their own fighters can be used globally and are equipped with offensive functions.

China, as a developing country, doesn’t have the same demands. What are the demands of China’s security environment, and what requirements do these place on military development? China’s policy emphasizes national defense, so our military hardware should reflect this.

We mainly focus on the defense of the homeland, and our strategy cannot be entirely passive. So we need offensive capabilities, but not to the same degree as the US.

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A good follow up article from the PLAdaily to Stephen Miles’ “PLA Experimentation with Armed Cargo Ships”http://www.china-defense.com/oped/armed_cargo_ships/armed_cargo_ships01.htmlContainer vessel modification injects vigor into maritime military transportability(Source: PLA Daily) 2010-01-28http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/news-channels/china-military-news/2010-01/28/content_4127965.htm　　Since
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
http://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/70377662.htmlInterview: Yang GuoxiangOne of China’s top test pilots recalls the H-Bomb that almost backfired.* By Bob Bergin* Air & Space Magazine, January 01, 2010When your assignment is to drop a live nuclear bomb, you’d better not return to base with it. But that’s just what happened in 1971 to Yang Guoxiang, a pilot with the People’s Liberation
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
Looking at this photo* of Vargag’s remodeled island — it seems to share a great deal of similarity with Type052C destroyer’s phased array radar and radar mast arrangements. Therefore, it would not be a complete surprise to see a multifunction active phased array radar mounted on those “open slots” later.Type H/LJG-348 Phased Array Radar’s slots and radar mast on the Type 052C destroyer during
By Coatepeque

article found via google.com
originally published at china-defense-mashup.com December.27 (China Military News cited from Global Times) — China's military strength ranks second in the …

By (author unknown)

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
Here is the most interesting statement from Bodeen’s writeup “Other analysts, however, said U.S. officials had been monitoring preparations for the test at least as far back as September.” This revelation seems to fit into Zhouyu2002′s argument posted on the China Defense forum earlier:”While political prognosticators and Poli Sci types at Renmin University want to interpret this in purely
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com

Jan.15 (China Military News cietd from expressvpn.com and written by JOHN GARNAUT) — GOOGLE’S fight with Chinese censors risks escalating into a fullblown US-China showdown over cyber warfare, as claims emerge about the unprecedented scale of Chinese attacks on US commercial and defence systems.

The Chinese-originated attack on Gmail accounts of human rights activists, which Google said had partly prompted its threat to leave China, was “probably insignificant” compared with the “theft” of source code and data from Google and at least 33 other leading technology companies, said a consultant briefed on the cyber attacks.

The details coincided with claims that the FBI had tracked more than 90,000 Chinese-originated attacks last year on the Defence Department alone.

PLA Soldiers operating computers

Australia’s big mining companies are refusing to negotiate iron ore contracts in China because of Chinese security agency intrusions at Rio Tinto, which culminated in the arrest of one of its executives, Stern Hu.

Greg Walton, a security development fellow at the Citizen Lab, University of Toronto, said a series of intelligence leaks implied ”there is something big going on which is not being reported at the moment”.

“Maybe it’s conceivable China has now pulled ahead on offensive operations, partly because US intelligence is geared in a very different way. It’s more, ‘Let’s suck up all the electronic communications in the world through the five eyes’: the intelligence alliance between the US, UK, Australia, Canada and New Zealand.”

A US company, one of the world’s largest, forbids employees from carrying communication equipment into China, including laptops and mobile phones, because of security concerns.

The consultant who was briefed on the Gmail attacks said at least 34 companies, including Yahoo!, Symantec and Adobe, had been affected. A report in The Washington Post named another two companies, Northrop Grumman and Dow Chemical.

Mr Walton said China’s cyber warfare capability was mostly not in the same league as that of the US or Britain.

The Obama Administration has become increasingly concerned about internet censorship in China.

While sources say the US has been quietly disappointed that its co-operative approach to such issues as climate change, the Chinese currency and Iran’s nuclear program, has not been reciprocated, the President, Barack Obama, has publicly pushed censorship, in part because his views resonate with a big proportion of China’s 338 million internet users.

But a political analyst in Washington, Chris Nelson, has written that Mr Obama could be forced to respond to China “in a far more aggressive and public way”.

The Secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, is reportedly planning to release a new technology policy next week to help web users evade censorship controls.

The State Department is understood to have invested big sums in developing technology to help Chinese users overcome China’s firewall.

The largely state-controlled Chinese media, usually packed with protests and elaborate claims about US policies to ”contain” China, barely reported Google’s decision to consider leaving and did not mention censorship.

A Chinese security official said China was likely to continue to tread quietly on the subject because “a large portion of the Chinese public support Google”.

Jin Canrong, professor of international relations at the People’s University, said the “honeymoon was over” in US-China relations but the row over cyberspace would barely create a ripple.

Jia Daojiong, of Peking University, who specialises in US-China relations, urged leaders on both sides to diffuse the “images of confrontation” that have emerged since Copenhagen.

Mr Walton said the attacks on Google, US defence systems and computers were extremely sophisticated.

They all involved the same modus operandi, with “Trojan” viruses being dropped on to computers when users inadvertently opened email attachments purportedly from friends.

This enabled a remote user to drop a kind of remote access device that Chinese hackers call “gh0stRAT”.

In the Google case, he said, data was deposited in a computer ‘’sink hole” in California before being sent back to China.

These attacks had been traced to “patriotic actors” who enjoyed Chinese Government support.

“Intelligence agencies estimate there are approximately half a million of these people willing to engage in cyber warfare,” he said.

A Chinese security source said yesterday that it was unlikely China’s unofficial “internet army” or even military and intelligence agencies had the sophistication to seriously challenge the world’s leading technicians in the US. “The Chinese military uses American software systems,” he said.

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originally published at china-defense-mashup.com

Jan.14 (China Military News cited from AXcess News and written by Erich Hiner) — Senior military and government officials assured members of Congress Wednesday that China does not pose a significant security threat to the U.S.

In a hearing before the House Armed Services Committee, witnesses from the Navy, the State Department and the Defense Department said China’s armed forces are rapidly expanding, but the nation itself is not set to become a direct U.S. military rival.

Although troubled by China’s rapid increase in military-related spending and its positioning of missiles near the island of Taiwan, the witnesses said China’s increases do not necessarily come at the expense of U.S. security.

Wallace C. Gregson, assistant secretary of defense for Asian and Pacific security affairs, said the two nations can find common ground despite China’s ongoing buildup.

“China is not a strategic adversary,” Gregson said. “It is a partner is some respects and a competitor in others.”

Gregson and other witnesses said China has been cooperative in pressuring Iran and North Korea to abandon their pursuit of nuclear weapons.

Despite those positive steps, witnesses said China competes with the U.S. for influence, economic gains and commercial opportunities. As the Chinese military grows, U.S. military and state officials foresee an unavoidable rise in tensions.

Members of the committee were hopeful for future U.S.-China negotiations on security issues, but said China must be willing to play a larger role if tensions are to decrease.

Rep. Howard P. McKeon, R-Calif., the committee’s senior Republican, said U.S.-led negotiations can go only so far.

“While I believe that coming to the table is vital to avoid misunderstanding and miscalculation, we must be mindful that it takes two to make a relationship work and that our priority focus must always be on protecting America’s national security interests,” McKeon said.

China has increased its military spending over the past two decades, boosting its defense budget by double-digit percentage increases every year. The most recent increase, from 2008 to 2009, was 14.9 percent, bringing the official amount of Chinese military spending to roughly $70.6 billion. U.S. military officials suspect the actual sum is many times greater.

China has also modernized its armed forces. According to witness statements, China is developing ballistic missile systems capable of striking U.S. aircraft carriers in the Pacific. The country is also developing a submarine-launched ballistic missile capable of reaching the continental U.S.

The witnesses expressed their most serious concern over China’s refusal to discuss the true extent of its military increases or its intentions. Beijing has not disclosed its plans for a larger, more-advanced People’s Liberation Army.

Adm. Robert F. Willard, commander of the U.S. Pacific Command, said China’s stated goal of a defensive military runs contrary to its actual combative capabilities. The PLA is becoming more capable of waging the type of fast, modern warfare needed to fight high-tech armies.

Willard said Beijing’s silence can be addressed with improved communication and cooperation. That would also improve military-to-military relations and help avoid international incidents, Willard said. The PLA and the U.S. military have no established communication channels.

“It is clearly in both nations’ interests, and the Asia-Pacific region’s interest, to manage these complexities and develop a relationship with China that is constructive in every way,” Willard said.

Some representatives were wary of China’s future capabilities, but witnesses said the country’s primary concern remains internal stability.

“I think the Chinese pay a lot of attention to internal security and internal social issues,” said David B. Shear, deputy assistant secretary of state for East Asian and Pacific affairs. “That is the No. 1 goal for them.”

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By admin

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
The recent Chinese anti ballistic missile test has drawn a muted response from the US government which marks a major departure from the heated exchanges between the Chinese and US governments after the 2007 anti-satellite missile test.If the Chinese leadership is using the anti-ballistic missile test (here) as a message to the US on the pending weapon sales to Taiwan, the US is not taking the
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
It is still unclear which equipment won the State Scientific and Technological Award, but if there is one thing to be certain: The PLA Navy is investing heavily into underwater warfare systems.Research achievement in field of underwater sound environment wins first prize(Source: PLA Daily) 2010-01-12　 　At the prize conferring ceremony of China’s 2009 State Scientific and Technological Award
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com

Jan.08 (China Military News cited from Xinhua) — China and India held the third round of defense consultation here Wednesday, according to a press release from the Information Office of China’s Defense Ministry Friday.

Deputy Chief of General Staff of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) Ma Xiaotian and visiting Indian Defense Secretary Pradeep Kumar jointly presided over the consultation, during which they exchanged views and reached some consensus on bilateral ties, regional security, national defense policies and military exchanges and cooperation.

Soldiers in “Joint Hands-2008″ Sino-India Joint Exercise

During the consultations, the Chinese side expressed its concern to the Indian side over the irresponsible remarks made by a few Indian leaders and some Indian media’s untrue reports.

The Chinese side stressed that both China and India should do more work, which will be favorable for boosting healthy bilateral ties, so as to facilitate the good environment and conditions for China-India relations.

The Indian side said that India’s high-level officials endeavored to clarify the related remarks and those untrue reports and hoped to develop the friendly relations between India and China.

The year 2010, when China will celebrate its “India Year” and India its “China Year”, marked the 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between the two countries.

Both sides agreed that the two countries should take this opportunity to strengthen mutual trust, promote cooperation and work together for a better development environment as well as the regional and international peace and stability.

The first consultation was held in 2008.

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• December 6, 2009 — US-China military engagement lagging behind: US Pacific commander (0)
• November 29, 2009 — China-Pak military nexus a matter of concern: Indian defence minister (1)
• November 28, 2009 — China, Japan plan first joint military exercise (1)
• November 28, 2009 — Russian president meets Chinese military leader on cooperation (0)

By admin

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
Hopefully, the 50 Chinese rescuers will put the lessons learned during the 2008 Sichuan Earthquake to good use. 8 Chinese peacekeepers buried, 10 missing in Haiti15:40, January 13, 2010 http://english.people.com.cn/90001/90776/90883/6867760.htmlA 7.3-magnitude earthquake rocked Haiti on Tuesday (local time) and is feared to have killed thousands of people in the capital, Port-au-Prince.Eight
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
Large phased array missile warning radar, the whole structure can rotate. Courtesy of “=GT”Cellphone images of the missile test.courtesy of “汉军威武” at fyjs:
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
China Aviation Industry Corporation-owned Harbin Aircraft Industry Group Co. Ltd. has revealed that the Z-9WE light attack helicopter is available for export. (here)The Z-9WE is a militarized variant of the H425 civilian helicopter platform. The H425 was, in turn, developed as a civilian variant of the Z-9 military utility helicopter. The H425 is powered by a pair of Arriel-II turboshaft
By Coatepeque

originally published at china-defense-mashup.com
With this announcement, expect a sleuth of write-ups from the “usual suspects” Christopher BodeenBeijing — The Associated Press Published on Monday, Jan. 11, 2010 2:15PM ESThttp://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/china-says-missile-defence-test-a-success/article1427275/China announced that its military intercepted a missile in mid-flight Monday in a test of new technology that comes amid
By Coatepeque